Comparison of mating disruption and mass trapping with Pyralidae and Sesiidae moths

Mating disruption and mass trapping for control of lepidopteran pests use synthetic sex pheromone to prevent males from finding and mating with females. Here, we identify the behavioral mechanism underlying mating disruption and mass trapping of American plum borer, Euzophera semifuneralis (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), peachtree borer, Synanthedon exitiosa Say, and lesser peachtree borer, Synanthedon pictipes (Groeten) (Lepidoptera: Sesiidae). In addition, we derive relative dispenser activity (Relative Da) from the competitive attraction equation to compare the disruptive activity of the devices used in mating disruption and mass trapping. Dispensers and traps were deployed in replicated 0.14-ha cherry or peach plots with E. semifuneralis or the Synanthedon moths, respectively. Dispenser densities were 0, 10, 20, 59, 185, and 371 per ha, whereas trap densities were 0, 10, 20, 40, 79, and 158 per ha. Moth catch in a centrally placed, pheromone-baited monitoring trap in each plot was used to evaluate the treatments. The profile of moth captures in mating disruption and mass trapping with the three species indicates that competitive attraction is the behavioral mechanism responsible for trap disruption. Relative Da is 0.27, 0.23, and 0.53 with American plum borer, peachtree borer, and lesser peachtree borer, respectively, which indicates that the traps are 1.9–4.4 times more effective in reducing moth catch than the dispensers. Relative Da can be used to compare devices for pheromone-based behavioral manipulation of these and other species that are competitively attracted to artificial pheromone sources. When the same type of trap is employed for monitoring and mass trapping, Relative Da is the same as dispenser activity Da.